篇一 :Diogenes and Alexander 翻译

? Lesson 18 ——Diogenes and Alesander

他躺在光溜溜的地上,赤着脚,胡子拉茬的,半裸着身子,模样活像个乞丐或疯子。可他就是他,而不是别的什么人。大清早,他随着初升的太阳睁开双眼,搔了搔痒,便像狗一样在路边解手。他在公共喷泉边抹了把脸,向路人讨了一块面包和几颗橄榄,然后蹲在地上大嚼起来,又掬起几捧泉水送入肚中。他没工作在身,也无家可归,是一个逍遥自在的人。街市上熙熙攘攘,到处是顾客、商人、奴隶、异邦人,这时他也会在其中转悠一二个钟头。人人都认识他,或者都听说过他。他们会问他一些尖刻的问题,而他也尖刻地回答。有时他们丢给他一些食物,他很有节制地道一声谢;有时他们恶作剧地扔给他卵石子,他破口大骂,毫不客气地回敬。他们拿不准他是不是疯了。他却认定他们疯了,只是他们的疯各有各的不同;他们令他感到好笑。此刻他正走回家去。

他没有房子,甚至连一个茅庐都没有。他认为人们为生活煞费苦心,过于讲究奢华。房子有什么用处?人不需要隐私;自然的行为并不可耻;我们做着同样的事情,没什么必要把它们隐藏起来。人实在不需要床榻和椅子等诸如此类的家具,动物睡在地上也过着健康的生活。既然大自然没有给我们穿上适当的东西。那我们惟一需要的是一件御寒的衣服,某种躲避风雨的遮蔽。所以他拥有一张毯子——白天披在身,晚上盖在身上——他睡在一个桶里,他的名字叫狄奥根尼。人们称他为“狗”,把他的哲学叫做“犬儒哲学”。他一生大部分时光都在希腊的克林斯城邦度过,那是一个富裕、懒散、腐败的城市,他挖苦嘲讽那里的人们,偶尔也把矛头转向他们当中的某个人。

他的住所不是木材做成的,而是泥土做的贮物桶。这是一个破桶,显然是人们弃之不用的。住这样的地方他并不是第一个,但他确实是第一个自愿这么做的人,这出乎众人的想法。

狄奥根尼不是疯子,他是一个哲学家,通过戏剧、诗歌和散文的创作来阐述他的学说;他向那些愿意倾听的人传道;他拥有一批崇拜他的门徒。他言传身教地进行简单明了的教学。所有的人都应当自然地生活,他说,所谓自然的就是正常的而不可能是罪恶的或可耻的。抛开那些造作虚伪的习俗;摆脱那些繁文缛节和奢侈享受:只有这样,你才能过自由的生活。富有的人认为他占有宽敞的房子、华贵的衣服,还有马匹、仆人和银行存款。其实并非如此,他依赖它们,他得为这些东西操心,把一生的大部分精力都耗费在这上面。它们支配着他。他是它们的奴隶。为了攫取这些虚假浮华的东西,他出卖了自己的独立性,这惟一直实长久的东西。

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篇二 :Diogenes and Alexander 戴奥吉尼斯和亚历山大

Gilbert Highet

This article by the late classicist Gilbert Highet describes a meeting between two sharply contrasting personalities of history: Alexander the Great and Diogenes. This selection originally appeared in Horizon, the first in a series entitled Great Confrontations.

此文是由晚期著名的古典学者Gilbert Highet 所写,描述了历史上两位性格极端伟大人物的会面场面:亚历山大国王和戴奥吉尼斯。本文选择来自 Horizon,一篇名叫“伟大的会面”的开始部分。

Lying on the bare earth, shoeless, bearded, half-naked, he looked like a beggar or a lunatic(神经病,疯子). He was one, but not the other. He had

opened his eyes with the sun at dawn (拂晓), scratched, done his business like a dog at the roadside, washed at the public fountain, begged a piece of breakfast bread and a few olives, eaten them squatting on the ground, and washed them down with a few handfuls of water scooped from the spring. (Long ago he had owned a rough wooden cup, but he threw it away when he saw a boy drinking out of his hollowed hands.) Having no work to go to and no family to provide for, he was free. As the market place filled up with shoppers and merchants and gossipers and sharpers (a cheater, esp. a cardsharper) and slaves and foreigners, he had strolled through it for an hour or two. Everybody knew him, or knew of him. They would throw sharp questions at him and get sharper answers. Sometimes they threw jeers, and got jibes; sometimes bits of food, and got scant thanks; sometimes a mischievous pebble, and got a shower of stones and abuse(漫骂).

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篇三 :Diogenes and Alexander retelling第欧根尼和亚历山大

The passage can be devided into two parts:the first part talks about Diogenes;the second part is about Diogenes'meeting with Alexander.

In the first part, Diogenes was described as beared,shoeless and half-naked like a beggar or a lunatic ,who asked for bread and drank from the spring every morning.Also, he lived in a cask and had only one blanket to dress and cover himself.However,he was not a lunatic but rather a philosopher living naturally and freely without conventions. He believed that people with big house,expensive clothes are slaves of their possessions.By design,he publicly behaved in such ways to demonstrate how to live such a life.And then,the author showed us how Diogenes satirized people who are lazy and profit-happy.

In the second part,the author protrayed the splendid scene of Alexander's presence in Corinth with a group of people of different occupation.Alexander ,a pupil of Aristotle , showed his talent in early years was then the man of the hour ,of the century,visited Diogenes at his kennel.The crowd was cheered and acclaiming while Diogenes said nothing.When Alexander asked what he could help, Diogenes simply let him stay aside for blocking the sunlight.Alexander said if he were not Alexander ,he should be Diogenes because he knew that of all men in the world only Alexander and Diogenes were free.

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篇四 :大学英语(四)Diogenes and Alexander 戴奥吉尼斯和亚历山大

Diogenes and Alexander 戴奥吉尼斯和亚历山大

The Dog Has His Day

Gilbert Highet

This article by the late classicist Gilbert Highet describes a meeting between two sharply contrasting personalities of history: Alexander the Great and Diogenes. This selection originally appeared in Horizon, the first in a series entitled Great Confrontations.

此文是由晚期著名的古典学者Gilbert Highet 所写,描述了历史上两位性格极端伟大人物的会面场面:亚历山大国王和戴奥吉尼斯。本文选择来自 Horizon,一篇名叫“伟大的会面”的开始部分。

Lying on the bare earth, shoeless, bearded, half-naked, he looked like a beggar or a lunatic(神经病,疯子). He was one, but not the other. He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn (拂晓), scratched, done his business like a dog at the roadside, washed at the public fountain, begged a piece of breakfast bread and a few olives, eaten them squatting on the ground, and washed them down with a few handfuls of water scooped from the spring. (Long ago he had owned a rough wooden cup, but he threw it away when he saw a boy drinking out of his hollowed hands.) Having no work to go to and no family to provide for, he was free. As the market place filled up with shoppers and merchants and gossipers and sharpers (a cheater, esp. a cardsharper) and slaves and foreigners, he had strolled through it for an hour or two. Everybody knew him, or knew of him. They would throw sharp questions at him and get sharper answers. Sometimes they threw jeers, and got jibes; sometimes bits of food, and got scant thanks; sometimes a mischievous pebble, and got a shower of stones and abuse(漫骂). They were not quite sure whether he was mad or not. He knew they were mad, all mad, each in a different way; they amused him. Now he was back at his home. (周围的人们不能肯定他到底是不是真的疯了,但是他确是非常的肯定他们是真的疯了,以不同的方式和程度; 这个发现使他很开心好玩).

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篇五 :Thoughts After Diogenes and Alexander

The Quest That Never Ends

This essay on the encounter of Diogenes and Alexander is really thought-provoking. I knew a little about the Doggishness’s theory before, but it’s after I read this essay that I thoroughly bury myself into the quest of contemplating some everlasting philosophical issues. But most of my thoughts are not systematic or complete so I’d like to present them as what Virginia Woolf did---the stream of consciousness.

The first question that came into my mind was what makes a human being different from the other creatures living on the earth. This question emerged when we discussed why human beings need houses to live in. Then the functions of a house were taken into account. And the basic functions of a place to rest and a protection from the external dangers were mentioned immediately. But in terms of these functions, other animals have their shelters too. So there must be something about a house that shelters don’t have. That is the protection of privacy. And it’s this sense of privacy, or a sense of shame that only exist in humans. And a certain sense of shame is stemmed from the consideration of how other people view on you. It depends on a certain standard in the system of institution in which you were born.

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篇六 :Diogenes_and_Alexander__戴奥吉尼斯和亚历山大

Gilbert Highet

This article by the late classicist Gilbert Highet describes a meeting between two sharply contrasting personalities of history: Alexander the Great and Diogenes. This selection originally appeared in Horizon, the first in a series entitled Great Confrontations.

此文是由晚期著名的古典学者Gilbert Highet 所写,描述了历史上两位性格极端伟大人物的会面场面:亚历山大国王和戴奥吉尼斯。本文选择来自 Horizon,一篇名叫“伟大的会面”的开始部分。

Lying on the bare earth, shoeless, bearded, half-naked, he looked like a beggar or a lunatic(神经病,疯子). He was one, but not the other. He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn (拂晓), scratched, done his business like a dog at the roadside, washed at the public fountain, begged a piece of breakfast bread and a few olives, eaten them squatting on the ground, and washed them down with a few handfuls of water

scooped from the spring. (Long ago he had owned a rough wooden cup, but he threw it away when he saw a boy drinking out of his hollowed hands.) Having no work to go to and no family to provide for, he was free. As the market place filled up with

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篇七 :Diogenes and Alexander

Diogenes and Alexander

Lying on the bare earth, shoeless, bearded, half-naked, he looked like a beggar or a lunatic. He was one, but not the other. He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn, scratched, done his business like a dog at the roadside, washed at the public fountain, begged a piece of breakfast bread and a few olives, eaten them squatting on the ground, and washed them down with a few handfuls of water scooped from the spring. (Long ago he had owned a rough wooden cup, but he threw it away when he saw a boy drinking out of his hollowed hands.) Having no work to go to and no family to provide for, he was free. As the market place filled up with shoppers and merchants and slaves and foreigners, he had strolled through it for an hour or two. Everybody knew him, or knew of him. They would throw sharp questions at him and get sharper answers. Sometimes they threw bits of food, and got scant thanks; sometimes a mischievous pebble, and got a shower of stones and abuse. They were not quite sure whether he was mad or not. He knew they were mad, each in a different way; they amused him. Now he was back at his home.

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篇八 :Diogenes and Alexander

Diogenes and Alexander

Gilbert Highet

This article by the late classicist Gilbert Highet describes a meeting between two sharply contrasting personalities of history: Alexander the Great and Diogenes.

Lying on the bare earth, shoeless, bearded, half-naked, he looked like a beggar or a lunatic. He was one, but not the other. He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn, scratched, done his business like a dog at the roadside, washed at the public fountain, begged a piece of breakfast bread and a few olives, eaten them squatting on the ground, and washed them down with a few handfuls of water scooped from the spring. (Long ago he had owned a rough wooden cup, but he threw it away when he saw a boy drinking out of his hollowed hands.) Having no work to go to and no family to provide for, he was free. As the market place filled up with shoppers and merchants and gossipers and sharpers (a cheater, esp. a cardsharper) and slaves and foreigners, he had strolled through it for an hour or two. Everybody knew him, or knew of him. They would throw sharp questions at him and get sharper answers. Sometimes they threw jeers, and got jibes; sometimes bits of food, and got scant thanks; sometimes a mischievous pebble, and got a shower of stones and abuse. They were not quite sure whether he was mad or not. He knew they were mad, all mad, each in a different way; they amused him. Now he was back at his home.

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